The creation of the Kingdom of Italy in 1861 was the result of Italian nationalists and those loyal to the House of Savoy who wished to establish a united kingdom encompassing the entire Italian Peninsula. The Kingdom of Italy was preceded by the Kingdom of Sardinia, the Kingdom of Lombardy-Venetia, the papal states and the [read more]
The Hashemite Kingdom of Iraq was founded on 23 August 1921 following the defeat of the Ottoman Empire in the Mesopotamian campaign of the First World War. Its first King was Faisal I who was also King of the Arab Kingdoms of Syria or Greater Syria in 1920. He had been married to Huzaima bint Nasser since 1904. She was thus the first [read more]
The Kingdom of Hawai’i originated in 1795 when the independent islands of Hawaiʻi, Oʻahu, Maui, Molokaʻi, and Lānaʻi united under one government. In 1810, the Kingdom further expanded when Kauai and Ni’ihau joined the Kingdom. Its first ruler was Kamehameha I, who was raised in the royal court of his uncle Kalaniʻōpuʻu, who was the 6th Aliʻi (chief) of Kohala of the island of Hawaiʻi. After a series of [read more]
The Kingdom of Georgia was formed in 1008 when King Bagrat III of Abkhazia succeeded Gurgen of Iberia, and he effectively became the first King of the United Kingdom of Georgia. He was married to Martha, who was thus the first Queen of a united Georgia. She was the mother of his successor, but not [read more]
The Kingdom of Bulgaria also known as the Tsardom of Bulgaria existed from 1908 until 1946. It evolved from a Principality that existed from 1878 until 1908. Before 1878 it was part of the Ottoman Empire, since their defeat in the Bulgarian-Ottoman Wars in 1396. Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha was Prince of Bulgaria from 7 [read more]
The Kingdom of Bosnia existed in the 13th and 14th century as part of the Hungarian Crown Lands. It evolved from the Banate (a province) of Bosnia which existed from 1154 until 1377. The Banate of Bosnia comprised of what is today Bosnia and Herzegovina, parts of Dalmatia in Croatia, Serbia and Montenegro. It was [read more]
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